francis
lee

Professor of Science and Technology Studies at the Department of Media Technology, Södertörn University.

I study how AI, algorithms and digital infrastructures change the way knowledge is made — and how they sort and value the world.

ai, algorithms & data

What happens to knowledge when algorithms and AI help produce it?

I follow how researchers and organisations build, use and come to trust AI systems — from machine learning in biomedicine to AI-generated synthetic data. With Ericka Johnson and Ylva Söderfeldt, I lead a research group on synthetic data in WASP-HS, Sweden’s national program on AI and society, part of InterSynth Lab.

→ writing on ai
→ writing on algorithms

knowledge infrastructures

How do the systems we use to know the world shape what we can see?

I study the databases, sensors and surveillance systems behind public health — and what they make visible, or miss. Now in two projects on pandemic preparedness: Blind Spots in Pandemic Preparedness and Pandemic Infrastructures.

→ writing on infrastructures

classification & valuation

How do classifications and values put the world in order — and what falls outside them?

I study how classification and valuation work in practice, often together: how disease surveillance sorts the known from the unknown, how data sets decide what counts as normal, and how scientific, economic and ethical values are weighed against each other.

→ writing on classification
→ writing on valuations

featured writing

  1. Computational universalism, or, Attending to relationalities at scale Lee and Ribes · Social Studies of Science, 2025
  2. The practices and politics of machine learning: A field guide for analyzing artificial intelligence Lee · AI & Society, 2025
  3. The ontological politics of synthetic data: Normalities, outliers, and intersectional hallucinations Lee, Hajisharif and Johnson · Big Data & Society, 2025